The presumption of innocence means?

• A. A defendant is automatically guilty.
• B. The burden of proof is on the defendant to show innocence.
• C. The defendant is considered innocent until proven guilty.
• D. The judge can convict without a trial.

Answer: (C)

Presumption of innocence means the defendant is considered innocent until proven guilty. In practice, the burden rests on the prosecution to present evidence that convinces the court beyond a reasonable doubt. This protects fair treatment by ensuring no one is punished without a solid case, and the defendant does not have to prove innocence themselves. A conviction without a trial or automatic guilt would violate this principle, and placing the burden on the defendant to prove innocence contradicts how proof is required in criminal cases.